
Custodial work involves a wide range of physically demanding tasks, from mopping floors and emptying trash to cleaning bathrooms and operating cleaning equipment. The repetitive nature of these tasks, combined with awkward postures and high-force movements, can contribute to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Addressing ergonomics in custodial work is essential for enhancing worker safety, reducing fatigue, and improving overall efficiency.
The following are basic ergonomic principles to help custodial workers maintain health and productivity.
Here, we outline best practices to help custodial workers maintain health and productivity, even when they may not have control over their tools or equipment.
1. Practice Safe Lifting Techniques
Custodians often need to lift and move heavy objects, such as trash bags and cleaning supplies. Proper lifting techniques can help prevent back injuries:
- First and foremost, avoid lifting heavy loads whenever possible. Avoid overfilling trash cans/bags.
- Plan the lift: Assess the weight of the item and clear the path before lifting.
- Lift with your legs, not your back: Bend at the knees and keep your back straight while lifting.
- Keep the load close: Holding the item close to your body minimizes the strain on your lower back.
- Use teamwork: When possible, ask a colleague for help when lifting or moving particularly heavy or awkward items.
2. Maintain Neutral Postures
Adopting neutral body postures helps reduce strain on muscles and joints:
- Avoid twisting and reaching: Position your body so that your tasks are performed directly in front of you.
- Alternate tasks: Shift between different activities throughout the day to prevent overuse of specific muscle groups.
- Use available supports: When cleaning low areas, kneel on a padded surface or use tools with longer handles.
3. Implement Proper Techniques for Repetitive Tasks
Repetitive motions, such as wiping surfaces or scrubbing, can lead to fatigue and injury over time. These tips can help:
- Switch hands frequently: Alternate between your left and right hand to balance muscle use.
- Take micro-breaks: Rest for 20-30 seconds every hour to give your muscles time to recover.
- Use body weight effectively: Lean your body into the task instead of relying solely on arm strength to reduce muscle fatigue.
4. Make Small Adjustments to Reduce Strain
Even if changing equipment isn’t an option, small changes can make a difference:
- Adjust handle lengths: If possible, extend or retract mop and broom handles to better match your height.
- Modify task techniques: Use smaller, controlled movements rather than wide, sweeping motions.
- Elevate tools: Store commonly used tools on a waist-level shelf to reduce awkward/frequent bending.
5. Learn!
Ergonomics training can empower employees to use proper techniques and recognize early signs of MSDs:
- Ergo 101: Learn the basics of ergonomics and why it is important.
- Back Safety: Learn safe lifting, pushing/pulling techniques.
Ergonomic Evaluations at Colorado State University
At Colorado State University, employees can request ergonomic evaluations to ensure their job tasks and tools are optimized for safety and efficiency. These evaluations can identify risk factors and recommend adjustments to minimize strain and prevent injuries. Custodial staff are encouraged to take advantage of these services to create a healthier work environment.
For more information on ergonomic evaluations, visit our Industrial Ergonomics page and request an evaluation to better understand and improve your work practices.
Final Thoughts
Integrating ergonomics into custodial work routines is not only about preventing injuries—it’s about creating a sustainable work environment where workers feel supported and capable of performing their duties effectively and efficiently. By following these essential tips and encouraging regular ergonomic assessments, custodial staff can experience fewer injuries, higher job satisfaction, and improved long-term health.